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科幻探险片寻找重返母星之路--纪新疆博格达峰、狼塔C线、乌孙古道三大经典户外徒步线路连续穿越游泳的大鱼（文/图/摄） 这是一个交织过去、现在和未来的探险故事，是跨越时空千年的旅程，对地球上的绝大多数人来说它可能仅仅是新疆三大经典户外徒步之探险，而对我们菠萝族人来说却是寻找返回故乡Z星体（我也常常尊称为：母星体）、重获星体超级能量的不平凡的路。“扮演”坏蛋角色的狼族终以失败而退出了地球正在堕落的富饶，我们菠萝族人最终成功的离开了这个曾经给我们痛苦、安慰，如今已变得让人无限遗憾的蓝色星球。 此文章将以科幻故事结合实际探险的纪实形式完成，配合大量的图片和文字说明，尽量做到故事有头有尾，探险信息真实可靠，不误导后来者。 文中围绕着新疆三大徒步线路讲述了一群菠萝族人寻找重返母星之路的故事。依据实际徒步探险线路，文章将分三个部分完成，每个部分依线路不同而分别取名：第一篇：博格达峰的悲伤 （在帖子第1页，第4楼，2014-1-3更新。）第二篇：消失的狼塔C （在帖子第36页，第355楼，2014-9-23更新。）第三篇：乌孙古道的流体盛宴 （链接地址： https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2321137-1-1.html ，2015-01-27更新。） 这篇文章是探索性的，是一篇科幻体探险纪实游记，希望广大户外爱好者给予中肯的评价和鼓励。文中所有与三大徒步线路直接有关的信息和数据都是真实的，描述和记录客观，可供适当参考。文中围绕菠萝族的人物和故事来自于菠萝族人----游泳的大鱼的超现实回忆，只可欣赏不可对号入座。文中图片，除特别注明的，都来自于[]
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柳韦伶从尼泊尔回来差不多已有一月，还是懒洋洋的浑身没劲，不会是还在醉氧吧？ 一起徒步的同伴都在写着游记攻略啥的，每看一篇，仿佛倒带一样又回到了那个快乐与痛苦并存的地方--EBC（尼泊尔萨加玛塔国家公园）是的，就是这种感觉，痛并快乐着！菲律宾链接https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1777888&page=1&extra=马来西亚沙巴仙本娜https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2173681-1-1.html 先上几张美图，分别出自牛娃、小跑、心跳。。 去年的三月去尼泊尔晃了十几天，本来想去布恩山徒步，由于各种原因没能如愿，所以去尼泊尔徒步一直是我未了的心愿。。。去年的十月就开始发帖招同伴、准备攻略行程和用物清单，采购装备，一切进行的有条不紊。。。谁知道年初就摔了一跤致右髌骨骨折、半月板损伤、韧带撕裂。。。再后来9.28噩耗传来，飞卢克拉的小飞机坠落，机上18人全部遇难，其中就有我的QQ好友肥狼，本来他要跟我们一起走EBC的。。。更可气的是9.29又无缘无故的左小腿肌肉受伤。。。老天爷跟我开玩笑呢吧，辛辛苦苦准备了一年，切！啥都不能阻挡咱迈向EBC的脚步。。。这是去年3月在尼泊尔的时候。。 尼泊尔的坤布地区（Khumbu Area）珠峰大本营（Everest Base Camp）萨加玛塔国家公园（Sagarmatha National Park）萨加玛塔，尼语意思是“摩天岭”或“世界之巅”。该公园位于尼泊尔喜马拉雅山区，位于加德满都东北的索洛―坤布地区，坐落在珠穆朗玛峰南坡，是尼泊尔著名的旅游胜地，北部与西藏珠穆朗玛自然保护区接壤。公园总面积1244平方公里，包括珠穆朗玛峰在内，共有7座山峰，其余6座山峰海拔高度也在7000米以上，还有数量可观的冰川深谷，这里因其独特的地质地貌而成为世界上最令人感兴趣的地区之一。萨加玛塔国家公园气候宜人，夏无酷暑，冬无严寒，终年阳光灿烂，四季如春。四周群山气魄雄伟，冰峰林立。山上有终年不化的积雪，山下四季常青的花草，园内还有代表喇嘛教宁玛派的谢尔巴人文化的寺院庙宇，是联合国教科文组织公布的首批文化遗产和自然遗产之一。EBC特点1、风景独一无二。每天与雪山为伴，可以看见的雪山多达几十座。其中：8000米以上的有：珠峰、洛子峰、卓奥友、马卡鲁。2、尼泊尔成熟徒步线路，路指示清楚，每年上万人前往！3、沿途设施完善，基本上约2个小时路程就会有休息的地方。4、费用相对低廉。背夫一天约15美金，2个人请一个背夫就更便宜了！山上住宿一天200卢比左右，徒步期间一天的费用（包括背夫费用）在250元左右。5、线路难度不大，15天可走完全程，每天徒步约6小时。这条线的前两天的行程就一条路往前走，到了Namche Bazaar开始分出岔路，西边的那条线终点名字叫Gokyo，观景点是Gokyo Ri，主要是去看卓奥友峰、Gokyo湖，也能看珠峰，路程相对较短，比较好走；中间的那条就是到达EBC，观景点是Kala Patthar，主要是看珠峰、坤布冰川；东边的那条通往Chukung，观景点是Chukung Ri，看的是Lhotse(洛子峰)。 秋季（雨季后）：10-11月，最适合徒步的季节。10月份，雨水把空气清洗得无比澄澈，能见度最好，气候温和。低海拔区在白天依然很暖和，超过3000米后夜晚会有霜冻。再往上，任何时候都可能下雪，需带上足够保暖的衣物和适温睡袋。ACAP进山证：所有超过4天的徒步游都必须办理ACAP的许可证，办理地点在加德满都展览路附近Tourism Service Centre的ACAP办公室，办理费用是2000Rs，需提供一张证件照片，填好申请表，即刻就能拿到许可证。如果没有来得及办理许可证，可以在珠峰公园大门处补办，20美金。 行前准备：1、护照、证自办，证可到北京的尼泊尔大使馆、上海尼泊尔领事馆、拉萨尼泊尔领事馆和香港尼泊尔领事馆。需填一张表，一个2寸照片和护照原件，15天停留证是150元，30天的是340元。可委托旅行社代，网上很多人在办这个业务。2、机票：如果不走陆路赴尼泊尔，机票可以占到全部花费的50%。目前国内航线：南航-广州至加德满都，机票较贵，到尼泊尔时间是深夜；东航-昆明至加德满都，机票较平，提前半年可以买到折扣很低的机票；国航-成都经停拉萨至加德满都，机票较贵，早上7点半的飞机，需提前一天到成都，国航提供一晚免费住宿；还有一班香港港龙公司的，但需要过境香港，适合珠三角地区的朋友。还有一个办法是通过神*网预定团购机票，一般是3-4折左右，还包括国内段联程。 旅行健康1、确保自己的心肺功能正常，非高血压患者。重视狂犬病的预防。雨季时注意蚂蝗叮咬，避免穿着凉鞋或短裤在雨中淌水。被叮上后用烟头烫或者使劲搓掉并及时处理伤口。避免自以为是，保持平常心，注意个人卫生保健。2、徒步容易口渴，在高海拔地区需要摄入大量液体来减轻高原反应的影响。喝水之前务必确认已经煮沸过，或者饮用瓶装的纯净水。只要是开水冲泡的，客栈或茶馆里卖的茶、咖啡、热巧等热饮都相当安全。每天应喝下4升水，尿液呈黄色表明需要增加水的摄入。3、把维持高准的个人卫生作为一种习惯。尽量把手弄干净，不仅仅是吃东西时。湿纸巾很有用。如果刚开始有轻微腹泻，也可能是水土不服，持续时间通常很短。徒步中比较头疼的问是身体疲劳。应多吃热的食物，建议别吃沙拉和生的蔬菜。4、感冒：徒步中经常大汗淋漓，太阳下山后或者背阴处又可能比较冷，一冷一热会有引起感冒的可能，尘土飞扬的道路和干冷的空气会加剧呼吸道症状。避免每天徒步太长时间，过于劳累会降低身体的抵抗力，早一点到达目的地休息，换下湿透的衣服也是对身体的一种保护。万一不幸感冒，尽量在低山区休息缓解，不要冒险上海拔。5、高原反应：提前了解高原反应的知识并循序适应海拔能减少其带来的影响。只要时间足够长，大多数人上到高海拔时都能够自行调整过来，每个人适应的程度会有不同。长时间在一地去适应的办法几乎不利于避免高反，要边往高走边适应，采取渐进爬升的方式很重要，为了让身体在低氧环境下更好地适应，要安排休息调整的时间。判断是否高反，注意下列症状：极度疲劳，头痛及食欲不振。有的游客会出现没怎么运动就喘得厉害，心慌，失眠。当这些症状变得严重时就不要再上升，直到症状消失为止。如果一两天后症状还没消失，反而变得更严重，就必须下撤。不要过分使用强力的止痛药或安眠药，它们可能会掩盖住病症。出现呕吐、严重头痛、站立不稳、失禁、口吐白沫，甚至在休息时仍感到疲劳加剧、呼吸急促，说明情况进一步恶化，有发展成严重后果的危险（肺水肿或脑水肿），如果不能及时救治，会失去意识并在12小时内死亡。办法只有一个，就是马上下撤（必要时就算半夜），直到症状减轻，并最终完全消失。下降300米通常就能有所缓解。必须强调的是，不能让病人独身一人下撤。6、不要随手乱扔难以降解的垃圾。不要污染水源。保护森林，尽量在使用液化气的客栈吃饭住宿。使用太阳能热水洗澡时不要浪费，点餐也不要铺张。为了减少对植被和土壤的破坏，尽量走明显的路迹。穿过农田时请小心，不要踩坏作物、灌溉水渠和田埂。 装备：背包：70+10登山包及防雨罩、36L冲锋包、8L腰包、睡袋、登山杖、羽绒服一件、冲锋衣抓绒衣各一件、速干内衣3件、短袖T恤两件、冲锋裤一条、抓绒裤一条、速干裤两条、休闲裤一条、登山鞋旅游鞋拖鞋各一双、内衣裤、登山袜（5-6双）雪套、冰爪、护膝、护腕、防水手套、遮阳帽、绒线帽、头巾、墨镜、防风镜、海拔表、指南针、手电、头灯、高音哨、瑞士军dao、指甲刀、转换插头、营地灯、炉头、套锅、洗脸盆、水袋、保温杯、水杯、单兵过滤器、雨披、暖宝宝、塑料袋、晾衣绳、针线包洗簌用品：牙刷，牙膏，毛巾，浴液、防晒霜，晒后修复霜，补湿面膜、润唇膏、护手霜、肥皂、洗衣粉、餐巾纸、湿巾纸、卫生纸等人民币及美元、信用卡、护照、身份证，记事本、笔、一寸免冠照片数张（用于办理各种长期门票）、护照复印件数张、相机、卡、充电器、电池多块、移动电源3个、手机、手表、电池5号 带药备用：*抗高原反应药：高原安、诺迪康、藏红花、葡萄糖粉、红景天*止痛药：巴米尔、曲马多*鼻喉类：甲链软膏*维生素：21金维他、金施尔康、善存*外伤药：雪山金罗汉止痛涂膜剂、清凉油、风油精、扶他林 *感冒药： VC银翘片、泰诺、正柴胡冲剂、莲花清瘟胶囊*急救品：药棉、纱布、绷带、白胶布、创可贴、注射器 *镇静药：思诺思 *肠胃药：瑞贝克泻立停、藿香正气胶囊、黄莲素、易蒙停*心血管疾病：心痛定、丹参滴丸、速效救心丸*消炎药：奥硝唑、久帮、阿莫西林、红霉素软膏、头孢类抗菌素、氧氟沙星 *清火药：牛黄解毒片、牙周宁、清火片、咽炎片*其他药：速尿、地塞米松、氨茶碱、开瑞坦、润舒滴眼液*增强体力：西洋参含片、VC泡腾片、蜂胶、孢子粉可多喝一些酥油茶，对缓解高原反应有一定的作用 具体行程如下：2012年10月11日南京飞昆明，10月12日昆明飞加德满都，10月13日—10月27日徒步15天左右。从拉萨、樟木过来者可于10月12日在加德满都的凤凰宾馆集合。D1，10月13日，加德满都——(飞机)——Lukla(卢克拉，2840米)——Phakding(帕克丁，2610米)。D2，10月14日，Phakding(帕克丁，2610米)——Monjo(2840米)——Namche Bazar(南池巴扎，3440米)。D3，10月15日，Namche(南池，3440米）------Tengpoche(邓波切，3860米)D4，10月16日，Tengboche(邓波切，3860米)----Dingboche(丁波切，4410米)D5，10月17日，Dingboche(丁波切，4410)——Chhukhung(去贡，4730米)。D6，10月18日，Chhukhung（去贡，4730米）——Chhukhung-Ri（5550米）——Dingboche(丁波切，4410米)。D7，10月19日，Dingboche(丁波切，4410米)——Lobuche(罗布切，4910米)。D8，10月20日，Lobuche(罗布切，4910米)——Gorak Shep(5140米)——EBC（珠峰大本营，5364米）——Gorak Shep。D9，10月21日，Gorap Shep(格拉舍普，5140米)——Kala Patthar(卡拉帕塔，5545米)——Gorap Shep(5140米)——Lobuche(罗布切，4910米)——Dzonglha(宗那，4830米)。D10，10月22日，Dzonglha(宗那，4830米)——Cho La pass 垭口（5330米）——Thagnak(塘那，4700米）。D11，10月23日,Thagnak(塘那，4700米）——Gokyo（4790米）。D12，10月24日,Gokyo，休整。D13，10月25日，Gokyo（4790米）——Dole（4200米）——PhortseTenga（3680米）。D14，10月26日，PhortseTenga（3680米）——Namche(南池，3440米)——Phakding(帕克丁，2610米)。D15，10月27日，Phakding(帕克丁，2610米)——Lukla(卢克拉，2840米)—(小飞机)—加德满都。 这次一起徒步的22人，来自五湖四海，分别是江苏的小跑、绿茶、走天涯、土哥和偶，广东的秋哥、悟然、巧儿、贵妃、听雨、卜苗和心跳，上海的文丽和快乐人生，重庆的青枫，宁波的小温，昆明的小牛，香港的自由人和来自新加坡的生番和JC，远涉重洋米国回来的JEN，还有在外漂流一个多月的内蒙小尾。。。估计这是有史以来最大的中国团队了吧，浩浩荡荡的挺进EBC！最全的一张合影 2012.10.11，南京飞昆明1335--1755，同行的有徐州的土哥，到达机场后提取行李，乘机场大巴到预定的酒店，晚上和同一天到达的悟然、贵妃、快乐会合，晚上吃了顿云南特色菜，悟然请客的哦，为了感谢我和贵妃给他省下的机票钱，晚饭后回酒店睡觉，第二天一大早继续乘大巴赶往机场，搭乘MU757航班--1040，飞往尼泊尔的首都---加德满都。飞机上看到的云海、陆地空少、空嫂同行的土哥 飞机上无聊，玩手机。。女儿的小恐龙，一直伴随我走完旅程。。大哥花生豆，FB物资哈。。 飞机上的帅锅哈。。 机场到了，这个帮忙的可是要收费的哦。。 到了泰美尔，加德满都游客聚集区，放好行李赶紧换钱、买手机卡。。 小跑，在EBC不下前三的小跑，名符其实。。内蒙的小尾，挺实诚的一个小伙哈。。一路漂流、一路捡妹子。。真正的领队--心跳，能力极强，各方面 绿茶童鞋，超级装备控。。。不是掰的。。在新加坡工作的重庆小伙--生番童鞋，很可惜，徒步第三天就因为感冒和高反给背夫背着下撤了。。 飞卢克拉的机票是在国内就提前定好的，往返248美金，后来涨价了281美金，据说还买不到，我们的票是745的，一大早5点多就赶往机场，22人包了两部车300RMB，到了机场分两批飞，来自米国的JEN负责跟机场方面打交道，有个热情的小伙帮忙办理，后来小费都没要，到现在我还纳闷为啥不要呢？？？机场的小飞机、行李车、接驳车。。。 我们第二批16个，包机，嘿嘿，享受过这待遇吗？上了飞机一点没害怕，第二次坐了，不过航线不同罢了。想到9.28的空难，心里难过了一阵，有太多想不到的事随时可能发生。。。起飞了，很平稳，机师娴熟的驾驶着小飞机在群峰上掠过，偶尔穿过云层会有小的颠簸，无大碍，心里坦荡的很，我福大命大造化大，是这么说的吗？小飞机上看群峰。。。卢克拉机场。。号称世界上最危险的跑道。。 准备出发了。。过年准备一起去菲律宾FB的四个家伙，嘿嘿。。这是我们的向导：班巴，一个很不错的小伙子。。 一下飞机行李还没取好就有一群背夫围上来争取我们这单大生意，就在我们和无头苍蝇一样不知道如何选择的时候，英语不错的又独具慧眼的心跳一下就相中了班巴，也就是我们后来的向导，事实证明心跳的选择非常正确，这小伙确实不错，为我们走完全程提供了保障，特别是我这个伪驴！在此对给我很大帮助的哑巴背夫再次表示感谢，如果你们去EBC而且英语又不太好的话就请他做你的背夫吧，不会错的，他是一个既负责又善良的好背夫，后面我会细说的。班巴的姨夫在机场门口开了一个旅馆兼饭店，大家跟着班巴进了旅馆，心跳负责跟他谈价格及行程，我们做好出发前的准备，在这里一瓶水100rs。 出发前大家合影一张，这也是我们22个唯一一张全家福，后来说好每天出发前都要合影，这个工作嘛就交给色驴土哥了撒，不负众望，土哥出色滴完成了任务。。。合影后，大家按照自己的节奏三三两两的向前迈步，卢克拉村子不大，路两边有很多户外用品店，还有星巴克，不过不知道味道咋样，没喝。。。这个蒙面大侠就是我们大名鼎鼎的秋哥哈。。。可爱的小盆友。。 这是开始徒步见到的第一座白塔，后面有很多，各种各样的，很漂亮。。每个人都在看自己的风景，把它定格在脑海和心底。。每个人都在走自己的路，这一段将成为生命中的烙印。。 这是进山的大门，门上面是首位登上珠峰的夏尔巴妇女的雕像，先留影一张，回头出来时不知道会整成啥样，第一天行程不多，看别人的攻略也就两三小时的路，所以根本没放在心上，吊儿郎当的晃着，护膝也没绑，登山杖别在包上，鞋带都是松的，唯一做的就是穿了双过膝的弹力袜，以保证腿部血液循环，后来弄的别人以为我娇情，谁让我是伤兵呢。。照片咋倒了 路边是等着运送货物的牦牛队，沿路会遇到很多，三五头一队，遇到它们你可得赶紧让路，不然给你顶到山下那就嗝屁了。。。一路提心吊胆，因为嘛。。一身红装哈秋哥这是干啥呢?想帮妹子背一段不？背得动还是背不动？lol算了吧，别让后面的笑话了([]
汤姆叔淑tom最新
陈玉凤Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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江维伦妖艳的热带花卉新加坡植物园的志性场景在参天巨树旁留影 新加坡植物园（Singapore Botanic Gardens），位于新加坡，南部为荷兰路和内皮尔路，占地54公顷。开放时间为早上5点至午夜12点，并且除国家兰花园外全园免费。 园内以研究和收集热带植物、园艺花卉而著称。约为英国皇家植物园大小的一半，纽约中央公园的五分之一。园内有20000多种亚热带、热带的奇异花卉和珍贵的树木。园内的景点还有棕榈谷（PalmValley）、生态湖（Eco-Lake）和交响乐湖畔（SymphonyLake）的露天音乐会。 植物园有一个藏书万册的图书馆，有一间植物本室，收集草本植物本约有50万种。 漫步其中，走马观花的徒步穿行，大约需要2、3个小时的时间。如果你喜爱研究植物，植物园的植物都明其学名及原产地，仔细看过每个介绍，估计就要一天的时间了。 走进植物园，你感觉不到城市的喧嚣，犹如置身绿色海洋，一如新加坡的其它地方一样，干净整洁，参观通道、休息区、吸烟区、WC区等布局合理，感觉很人性化，在这里如果你习惯了不喝热水，园内有很多涉及独特的水龙头，用水杯接了可直接饮用，水质比国内的瓶装矿泉水还好。 进植物园虽然免费，但园内游人并不太多。曲径通幽处，漫步走来很是宁静和惬意，是城市中难得的休憩之地。感受新加坡之一——漫步岛国看狮城 干净清新亦繁华（概述篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2172957-1-1.html感受新加坡之二——休闲小岛走不停 亚洲最南寻风情（圣淘沙篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2172957-1-1.html感受新加坡之四——绿意充盈总统府世外桃源乌敏岛（总统府等篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2253589&page=1&extra=#pid55203314感受新加坡之五——海风轻拂鱼尾狮 流光溢彩夜迟迟（滨海湾篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2255988-1-1.html感受新加坡之六——狮城国花胡姬花千姿百态芬芳开（胡姬花篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2299743&page=1&;extra=#pid58352540感受新加坡之七——小印度里寻缩影甘榜格南回族情（新加坡河等篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2322447-1-1.html 感受新加坡之八——立体交通路纵横街道小区绿充盈（交通和街道篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2326625-1-1.html 感受新加坡之九——狮城春节气息浓牛车水里最喜庆（春节和牛车水篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2330106-1-1.html感受新加坡之十——方式灵活有初院 环境优美好校园（南初篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2344728-1-1.html感受新加坡之十一——享誉全球名高校 环境优雅美校园（南大篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2354269-1-1.html 新加坡植物园在新加坡的位置图 新加坡植物园内平面分布图 刚进入植物园，就是满眼的绿色。 热带花卉盛开 巨大的热带植物 棕榈树随处可见 树木总是很茂盛 园中的瀑布 绿树丛中的史前时期植物 绿树遮掩的园中小径 史前时期的地貌 史前时期的地质构造带 史前时期的树木 园中的野蘑菇 野蘑菇随处可见 巨大的柳树 盛开的热带花卉 花卉满园 这种热带花卉很奇特，你能叫上名字吗？ 黄色的热带花卉 红艳艳的热带花卉 原始森林中的小径 这种花处处可见 新加坡植物园的志性图景 高大的棕榈树 茂盛的热带植物 园中的小鸟并不怕人 休憩之处 白色的凉亭([]
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黄俊坤先上片花新西兰北岛 片花 1新西兰北岛 片花 2新西兰南岛 片花 1新西兰南岛 片花 2新西兰南岛 片花 3飞行中的日出，从HK直飞奥克兰要11个小时。朋友去接机，问住哪儿？YHA！朋友的“大灰熊”和YHA的反差还是蛮大的， 住YHA是多年旅行首选。奥克兰风景 1，清新的空气一扫连夜飞行的疲劳。奥克兰风景 2，远处是市区中心。奥克兰风景 3，四处走走，活动开筋骨。奥克兰风景 4，奥克兰风景 5奥克兰相当中国的上海。奥克兰风景 7，奥克兰风景 8奥克兰风景 9奥克兰风景 10奥克兰风景 11奥克兰风景 12奥克兰风景 13奥克兰风景 14奥克兰的午餐，青口大名远洋，必不可少。奥克兰的午餐，不同口味的青口。奥克兰的午餐，换个角度再上一张。奥克兰的午餐，各种口味的青口。海边的“大灰熊”奥克兰跨海大桥换一种构图垂钓的兄弟([]
中出二区三区
蓝琬婷旅行，之于我，是一种生活状态和生活方式，再次背上行囊，离开熟悉的大都市，只身一人来到让我热爱不已的四川，来对一直没机会去看看的阿坝州、甘孜州等地做一次探索。一个月，从秋走到冬，再从冬走到秋，收获的不仅仅在相机镜头里，还在心里，有暖暖的情谊和让人珍藏的友情……这种感觉，在回到家整理照片和游记的时候尤为浓烈，在收到朋友短信问候的时候尤为温暖，在网上交换照片的时候尤为欣慰，在掩上电脑回忆时候尤为感怀……四川，我还会再来的！路线介绍：出门基本没计划过，脑子里只想过九寨、德格两个地方，为了把这两个地方串起来，于是：成都-九寨-黄龙-松潘-汶川-桃坪羌寨-理县-毕棚沟-米亚罗-马尔康-丹巴-甘孜-德格-甘孜-新都桥-康定-泸定-磨西-西昌-泸沽湖-西昌-雅安-峨眉-双流第一站：九寨从成都开往九寨的车，早上8点开到晚上5点。当时怨声载道，不过整个月走下来，这条路还算较好的路了。由于5.12地震后对从汶川、茂县、松潘进九寨的路影响很大，这段路一直在修，导致进九寨的路采取“单进双出”的限制措施，不仅是这个方向，从绵阳、平武进九寨也是限制的。每天从成都新南门车站开往九寨方向的车有四班，其中最后一班8点钟的是加班车。前一晚到达成都已经6点多，买票的时候已经是最后几个座位了。高昂的票价让我咋舌不已，170大元。以前导游书上说，120元左右的，看来真是物价飞涨啊然而，进九寨的一瞬，会让你觉得再辛苦也是值得的，因为九寨，真的是一个让任何形容词都失色的童话世界令人无比意外的是，今年冬天来得早，九寨秋叶正灿烂的时候，已经下了第一场雪。最高点则查洼沟的长海和日则沟的原始森林已经完全是银装素裹的世界。第一天和前一日在青旅认识的三个朋友一起进沟，到树正寨下来放下行李。早上7点多，有人没有几个，坐上景区巴士人也空空落落。树正寨似乎也才苏醒过来，在丹果(音)家住下，就急匆匆地赶往长海。天上正飘雨，感到有点小郁闷。前面几天可正是晴天呢。哎，运气不好。匆匆走过树正群海，在老虎海乘车点坐上网长海方向的车。一路上绚烂的秋叶、变黄的松树、前几日降霜后雪白的高山针叶林层层叠叠，层次感分明。随着海拔渐高，在下季节海的转弯处，彩色渐退，过渡至银色。窗外开始淅淅沥沥的小雨，逐渐变成飘雪。雪花打着弯向车窗铺来，虽然冷，我们还是情不自禁地拉开窗门，让雪点打在脸上。从下季节海到上季节海的路上，经过一片挺长的松树林，雪积得不厚，恰到好处地压在绿色的松枝上，让整片林子一层白一层绿，煞是沉静。上季节海面前，周遭的山体已经全然是白色，海子在天色、林子颜色的映衬下，完全是一片宁静的白，水面上飘起的一阵雾气，轻柔炫目。顺便说一下，上下季节海是不停车的，只能从车窗往外观赏终于，接驳车停在长海面前。一个观景台让长海的容颜一览无余。游人兴奋地在海子边拍照，但大家似乎都没有大声喧哗，不愿破坏这恬静的景色。初到长海，正逢第一层雾气在日渐温度的作用下飘起来，海子周围的山显露出来，雾气一层一层，把山体也隔成一层一层，浓淡相宜的山和雾在镜头中营造出仙境一般的感觉。美总是和爱美之人做时间赛跑，清晰的山湖海转瞬即逝，雾气再次聚拢在山体上，除了海子的表面，白茫茫的一片，似乎连自己都成了雾中的一份子。从观景台的右手边下行可到达长海水面上的栈道，和海子如此贴近，水中孤岛落满白雪，清晰地倒影在水面上。前方树林时隐时现，一会儿让水面呈现出海市蜃楼般美丽，一会儿水面又呈现出纯净的白，没有言语词汇能够形容这样的景色，唯有在岸边静静地欣赏。冬景很耐看，一种冷静冷峻的美虽然只有黑白，却让人总想往深处探寻也许大多数人都是冲着九寨之秋来的，没想到轻而易举地同时拥有了两个季节的感觉。秋，就像少女的眼神，含情脉脉，灼热斑斓；而冬，就好似深谙世事却风韵不减的少妇，平静地诉说着故事，让人回味。长海看台往左手边有个栈道可以下到海子的边上，这里更能看到海子的精华我们下到栈道时，游客很少，大多聚集在观景台附近。整条栈道上脚印也没有几个，此处雪厚，把自己的脚印印上去，特别清晰。一路可以走到贴近山边的镜头，倒下来的木头上也覆盖着一层雪，这是才意识到自己是走进原始森林了。和朋友在栈道上拍了很久，搞怪出各种动作，都不愿离去。来了三个兵哥哥，虽然严肃，但看上去年纪很小，让我们都觉得他们是乘巡逻之机娱乐一番。他们自己滚个大雪球，大起雪仗来。我们就上去拉他们拍照，他们立刻又做出一副严肃的样子，很有意思。最终，一个大概是年纪最小的被我们扣下来拍照，照片上我们笑得好灿烂，他却有点尴尬，很有意思呢。 离开长海，沿着栈道去五彩池。栈道不长，但走的很慢，一是路上不停地发现拍摄点，大家停下来拍个不停，二是前面一天下雪，栈道结冰了，一个姐姐的鞋子很滑，走起来小心翼翼。景区工作人员虽然已经不停地铲雪，但树上融雪掉下来，还是很快地在地面结冰。一路上可拍的点很多，虽然只有黑色和白色，即树木枝干和雪，但此景能出些音调分明的片子。很多爱好者架着脚架，在此耐心选景，冷对他们早已不是问。他们亮丽的衣服颜色，在冰天雪地中反而成为亮点，成为景色的一部分。五彩池，开始我以为是五个色彩各异的池子，原来是一个能呈现出五种颜色的池。当然了，海拔3000多米的地方已经率先进入冬季，五花山的色彩已经褪去，五彩池自然也不能呈现出五种颜色了。不过，这纯净的蓝色却不受天气的影响，即便在这样的天气，依然蓝得深邃。短短的一段栈道，我们走过就用了一个小时，因为一步一景，可拍的太多了。有的拍湖水，有的拍叶子，有的拍远山，有的拍水里的枯木。岸边还堆了一个雪人，广东姐姐把黄色围巾放上去，好漂亮，顿时成为一个新景点，我们拍好，在排队等拍照的人就请求他们不要取走围巾。冬雪覆盖下的五彩池有种透彻的美感，蓝色的睡眠静静地倒影着银装的山和松树，很淡雅的美快出五花海栈道时，天突然放晴，感受到太阳光温暖的一刹那，似乎整个五彩池也活跃起来。周围树林上的雪反射出的光，水面反射出星辉般的光，交汇在一起，我们霸占了栈道的一个绝好拍摄角落，很久不愿离去。游客真不少，我们缓慢地 向前挪动，不是走不过去，而是舍不得走从五彩池下来的坐车点，往下走几步，就是上季节海了，远远地看一眼，也是很好的享受。远处有一片工地，似乎在建房子，也许以后，上季节海也会成为一个停留点的。原来以为则查洼沟这边两个点很快就看完了，没想到从五彩池出来已经下午1点了。坐车回到诺日朗中心站，匆匆吃过午饭，几乎就是把食物拿出来胡乱往嘴里塞进去，就马上搭车向日则沟方向去。坐在右手边，一路是看不完的海子，不绝于耳的赞叹声。在诺日朗中心站稍作休息后，来到了日则沟尽头的原始森林。从上往下，是整个九寨沟的精华所在。这只是原始森林最靠外的一部分，所谓的“深山老林”还在更远处。在林子里，感到格外的静，人的说话声会被树叶吸收似地，隔一段距离，都听不清楚了。从原始森林下栈道走，经过芳草海和天鹅海，相对于五花海等景点，这里游客相对稀少。栈道隐在山林一侧，茂密的水草掩盖了海子，仅留出一条细细的水道让海子流淌过。天鹅海上有很多草甸子，说是雪足够厚覆盖着草甸子，就好像天鹅绒一般细腻。这两天的雪尚不足以完全覆盖草甸，略有遗憾。天鹅海虽然有白色天鹅羽翼的装点，但绿草青青还是很舒服的色彩重新上车过箭竹海，此海子得名源于此处生长的是熊猫爱吃的箭竹，据导游说，97年竹子大面积开花过，现在这片海子，完全是新生长的。往下不远就是熊猫海了，这个海子是冬天唯一结冰的海，但没明白为什么，位于3000多米的长海难道不结冰么？熊猫海栈道往里走，可看见完美的远山倒影，这里似乎比镜海还要平静，山的轮廓和树的形状都非常清晰。水面很宽阔，不时地飘起一层水雾，和远山上的起雾相得益彰，把大景观分割成一段一段，层次分明。熊猫海边有些意外收获，看到两个野鸭很自在地在梳理羽毛周围立刻聚集了拍摄的人不过它们完全没有被打扰的感觉接下来，就是最著名的九寨招牌景点五花海了，下五花海有两条路，一条是走熊猫海到五花海栈道，可以看见熊猫海瀑布，为九寨落差最大的叠瀑；另一条是沿着车行公路向下走，可以一观五花海如孔雀开屏般的全景，因这俯瞰的效果，五花海又名孔雀海。([]
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崔凤宜斯里兰卡是印度半岛南端印度洋中的一个岛国，北临孟加拉湾，西濒阿拉伯海，为印度洋东西方海上交通必经之地面积65610平方公里。人口1580万(1985)。僧伽罗人占72％,泰米尔人占20.5％,摩尔人占 6.7％，柏格人和马来人占 0.8％。僧伽罗语为官方语言，泰米尔语为民族语言，社会上层通用英语。居民67.3％信奉佛教，17.6％信奉印度教，7.9％信奉基督教，7.1％信奉伊斯兰教。首都科伦坡。中国古书称之为师子国僧伽罗国、僧诃罗国等。僧伽罗系梵语 Simhala一词的音译，意为狮子。古代阿拉伯航海家称其为“宝岛.锡兰”目前“锡兰”一称仍通用。如对斯里兰卡有兴趣的朋友，有想到斯里兰卡自助游的兴趣（附带说一句，斯里兰卡和中国一向友好，是最适合中国人去自助游的国家之一）；可跟贴就你所想详细了解和有疑问的地方提出，我会尽量详细就我所知解答。下文预告；本人独自在印度自助流浪历时23天，从印度最东面的加尔各答横穿到印度最西面的阿姆利则，沿途所见所闻精彩粉呈。近期将整理出来以飨各位朋友。斯里兰卡有两千多年文字记载的历史。来自南亚次大陆北部的雅利安移民约在公元前 6世纪来到兰卡岛，先在沿海地区落脚，然后沿河流向内地迁移，建立若干沿河村落并种植水稻。移民中最强大的是僧伽罗人。这一名称后来成了所有移民的共同名称。雅利安移民的政治制度是婆罗门式的。在南印度种姓制度影响下，逐渐形成斯里兰卡独特的种姓制度，构成了僧伽罗村社制度的基础。 2500年前，来自北印度的雅利安人移民至锡兰岛建立了僧伽罗王朝。前247年，印度孔雀王朝的阿育王派其子来岛弘扬佛教，受到当地国王的欢迎，从此僧伽罗人摈弃婆罗门教而改信佛教。公元前2世纪前后，南印度的泰米尔人也开始迁徙并定居锡兰岛。从公元5世纪至16世纪，岛内僧伽罗王国和泰米尔王国之间征战不断。16世纪初先后被葡萄牙（1505—1658）和荷兰（1658—1796）统治。 18世纪末，斯里兰卡成为英国殖民地，并在二战中成为盟军在南亚对抗日军入侵的海军基地。当时的锡兰总督兼三军总司令是以善于调和种族关系而著称的郝德杰（任锡兰总督时间为1937.10.16—1944.9.19）。1948年2月4日获得独立，定国名锡兰。1972年5月22日改称斯里兰卡共和国。1978年8月16日改国名为斯里兰卡民主社会主义共和国。斯里兰卡自助游，分别为：文化之旅、海滨之旅、高山之旅和生态之旅。一、文化之旅。在斯里兰卡这个小小岛屿国家中，分布着与埃及一样多的，共6处世界遗产，可谓是个奇迹。充分展示了斯里兰卡有文字记载的2000多年的文明史。由皇城康提、圣城阿努拉德普勒、古城波隆纳鲁沃这3个城市构成的三角区，被称为“文化金三角”。在这个三角区内，汇聚了多达5处该国的世界文化遗产。这里有巨大的古建筑群；有2500多年前的宫殿和石刻；有古都的遗址、花岗岩的雕像、高耸入云的巨型舍利塔。参观、体验这些文化遗产，可令人充满惊奇和振奋，焕发人的灵感，让人感受到这是一次文化之旅、精神之旅。1、“文化金三角”世界遗产分布情况。（1）康提（Kandy）一处：佛牙寺（Temple of Tooth Relics）。（2）丹布勒（Dumbulla）二处：丹布勒金庙石窟（The Golden Temple and Rock Temple of Dambulla）、锡吉里耶狮子岩（Sigiriya the Lion Rock）。（3）阿努拉德普勒（Anuradhapura）一处：由菩提树、千柱寺，及数个超巨型舍利塔组成。（4）波隆纳鲁沃（Polonnaruwa）一处：嘎里亚那（Galvihara）古城遗址。（5）南海之滨的世界文化遗产。斯里兰卡全国共6处世界文化遗产中，有5处在“文化金三角”，另一处在南海之滨的加勒（Galle）。是17世纪建造的，位于一座岛礁上的荷兰城堡。 二、海滨之旅。斯里兰卡这个海岛拥有1340公里长的海岸线，以及数百个沙滩。这些沙滩中，已经开发出来，供游人休闲的多达几十个。其数量之多，质量之好，环境之美，都是绝无仅有的。这是大自然对斯里兰卡人民的慷慨赐予。斯里兰卡的海滨度假胜地，集中在这个海岛的西南部海岸。在不到200公里长的距离中，大大小小已经开发出的海滩就有几十个。其中几个较大的海滩各具特色、名声在外。 1、几个值得一去的主要海滩。（1）尼甘布（Negombo）距科伦坡37公里，距国际机场仅有6公里。因其位置优势，这里常年吸引了大量刚刚到达，或者准备离开斯里兰卡的各国游客。这里也是首都科伦坡民众节假日最好的休闲之地。（2）卡卢特勒（Kalutara）距科伦坡42公里。这里除了拥有迷人的海滩和众多的五星级酒店外，还有一座庄严的3层佛教寺庙，以及里面的那座世界独一无二的空心佛塔。（3）本托塔（Bentota）距科伦坡62公里。这里有宽广如画的海滩；有大型海滨度假村和星级饭店；有独特的古董店；有斯里兰卡驰名建筑师巴瓦兄弟花园。在本托塔河上，游人还可乘船在内河游览和进行各种水上运动。（4）希克杜沃（Hikkaduwa）距科伦坡98公里。这里是全岛最有名的海滩之一。希克杜沃以潜水运动和珊瑚礁闻名。同样出名的还有冲浪和丰富多彩的夜生活。海边既有很多顶级海景酒店，附近也有背包客能接受的舒适客栈。（5）乌纳瓦吐纳（Unawatuna）距科伦坡116公里；距世界文化遗产，加勒的荷兰古城堡仅4公里。乌纳瓦吐纳号称世界12大顶级海滩之一。这里有奇妙的潜水区域；有像沙丁鱼罐头一样挤在一起的，让游人放松的沙滩；有丰富的夜生活；有许多性价比不高，但却符合市场经济规律，比三亚划算得多的酒店和度假村。（6）韦利格默（Weligama）距科伦坡143公里。这里风景迷人，绵延10多公里的海岸线上，全是大大小小的沙滩。海面上有端坐在木杆上垂钓的渔民和游弋的双体船；海岸边有名气很大，但规模很小的金枪鱼市场。（7）美蕊沙（Mirissa）距科伦坡155公里。这里的漂亮海湾，散发着原始、迷人的气息。游人们评价说：这里是斯里兰卡南部最美的海滩。在美蕊沙，除了冲浪、潜水、休闲外，最富特色，最吸引人的就是，在当年的11月至次年的5月，乘船出海看鲸鱼、海豚和飞鱼。（8）马特勒（Matara）距科伦坡163公里，公交大巴车程约5小时。这里是海岛南部顶端的一座大型海滨城市。在城边海岸的突出沙滩上，可以看到清晨太阳从海中冉冉升起，傍晚又从海中缓缓落下的罕见自然景观。这里还是游人去附近几个著名海滩远足的，最佳的中转站和大本营。（9）坦加勒（Tangalle）距科伦坡195公里。这里有世所罕见，几乎渺无人烟，拥有宽阔漂亮沙滩，长达10多公里，能够一览无遗的巨型、正圆形弧形海岸线。眼前不时跃出水面的银鱼，和那不断掠过水面的上百只海鸥，伴随着生生不息的海浪，引人遐想，令人忘我。（10）瑞卡瓦（Rekawa）距科伦坡205公里。在这里，在相应季节的夜晚满月时，可以看到从水下爬到沙滩上，自然繁殖的海龟，还可以与它们亲密接触。这就是高勒到科伦坡的海边火车。在就是传说的海边渔夫三、高山之旅。斯里兰卡有多样的地形地貌，以及由此带来多样化的气候和丰富多彩的自然景观。斯里兰卡南部山区有30多座上千米高的山峰。有这个海岛最高的，海拔2555米的皮杜鲁塔拉格勒山（Mount Pidurutalagala）。在山区的腹心地带，最有名，最受游客青睐的地方是努瓦勒埃利耶（Nuwara Eliya）。这里是斯里兰卡海拔最高的村镇，是美誉度最高的山区旅游胜地，有“小英格兰”之称。村镇周围有高尔夫球场和赛马场，附近有可供垂钓鳟鱼的湖泊、河流。夜晚在零度的气温下，人们穿冬衣戴皮帽，依偎在壁炉边烤火的情景，在这个只有夏天，没有春天、秋天，更没有冬天的热带岛屿上，构成一幅奇特的，引人入胜的自然、人文景观。距努瓦勒埃利耶不太远的南部地区，有景色优美，海拔超过2000米的山区高原霍顿平原（Horton Plains）。霍顿平原上最吸引人的景点是悬崖落差达1000多米，被人们描述得具有极大想象空间的：“世界的尽头（World’s End）”。科伦坡和康提都有公交车驶往努瓦勒埃利耶。行驶时间分别为3.5小时和2小时。距努瓦勒埃利耶同样不太远的东南部地区，有山区的另一个著名景点埃拉（Ella）。乘火车从努瓦勒埃利耶到埃拉，这条线路是世界上最美的火车线路之一。火车在海拔2000多米高的大片原始森林间，迎着茶园，穿过松涛，沿着陡峭的峡谷蜿蜒而行。真个是景在心中，人在画中。四、生态之旅。斯里兰卡除了无所不在，令人神往的海洋景观外，岛上森林密布、河流纵横，无数湖泊镶嵌其间。全岛有12个国家公园，52个自然保护区，占国土面积的12%。其中最著名的是位于海岛南部，被评为世界自然遗产的辛哈拉加森林保护区（Sinharaja Forest Reserve）。最吸引游人的是位于东南沿海的，巨型的自然保护区 —— 雅拉国家公园（Kumana National Park）。在康提附近，有几十头大象的人工保护区品纳维勒大象孤儿院；在狮子岩附近的米内日亚国家公园湖边，最多时可一次出现几十头野生大象；在波隆纳鲁沃的湖边，夕阳西下时，可一次见到数百只鸽子那么大的巨型蝙蝠；湖面上整天都能见到时而浮在水面，时而排队飞行的成千上万只水鸟；在南部海边瑞卡瓦的沙滩上，能在明月下见到上岸繁殖的海龟；在美蕊沙近海，可看到鲸鱼、海豚和飞鱼；........([]
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