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黄姿芬尼泊尔被称为高山之国，境内的喜马拉雅山被誉为世界屋脊，世界上14座海拔8000米以上的山峰中有8座诞生于这里。在这里徒步穿越，既可以走得如驴子般的自虐，也可以雇上挑夫，过得如王子般的享受。 而此次的尼泊尔行，我们的主要目的就是徒步喜马拉雅南坡安娜普纳ABC。以至于进入尼泊尔的第二天，就迫不及待的奔赴博卡拉，走上ABC. 都说尼泊尔是登山爱好者的乐园。那里有多条成熟的登山健行的路线：你可以去挑战雪山；也可以只花3、4天在山间转转，远眺喜玛拉雅群山；有兴趣有时间的话，还可以用20多天走个大环线。其中徒步安娜普纳登山大本营（即Annapurna Base Camp，简称ABC），无疑最具诱惑力。 老C长我两岁，我们都是老三届，都已经从领导岗位退了下来，都喜欢户外运动，登山骑车、徒步健行，虽年已花甲，却自认为体能不让后生。 两老驴是首次结伴驴行,岁数合计122岁,自称KC组合,呵呵,幸好偶不叫老王老魏老吴老温,不然就成了WC组合。 一路行来，所遇登山驴友，几乎都是雇用背夫负担装备，没有几个是自己重装徒步的。在国产驴友中，60花甲，自己背负全套装备，重装完成ABC徒步的，也许只是凤毛麟角。不是想节约几个钱，只是想找那种感觉，证明一下---我能。 时间：2010年1月19日--26日 路线：Nayapul--ABC（即Annapurna Base Camp，安娜普纳登山大本营）--Nayapul 装备：睡袋、冲锋衣裤、抓绒衣裤、速干内衣、登山鞋、手套、帽子、墨镜、头灯、手机、书本地图；笔记本电脑、两部相机、三套备用电池、四套充电器，电源转换头，多联接线插板，摄影独角架；若干食品、饮料、糖、酒，总之70升背包填得满满的。 1月23日，当我们冒雪抵达海拔4130米的ABC营地，在客栈餐厅里，满墙驴友的留言涂鸦中，贴上第三张用汉字书写的留言时，心理获得极大的满足。 需要特别说明的是，俩老驴目不识丁（外文盲），刚刚认得ABC，竟然敢走ABC。对于我们来说，登山体能没有问，最大的困难是语言不通，无法交流。于是在博卡拉请个中文翻译做向导，带俩聋子和哑巴上路。 没有请背夫，那装备就自己背上了，因为在国内登山都是如此，还没有奢侈到那种程度。何况来了，就是为了体验那种重装徒步喜马拉雅的感觉。 27岁的小吴，具有二分之一的中国血统。他是我们住在博卡拉峨眉饭庄老板的儿子，瘦高的个子，非常腼腆，汉语说的并不十分流利。他父亲说他是博卡拉唯一的中文向导，佣金自然就较英文向导高些，物以稀为贵吗。 头天在博卡拉办理了进山证，是小吴领到办事地点，大门有人执勤，不让当地向导进入。我们俩老外，面对工作人员的热情招呼，竟只能靠手势交流。两张表格，还是又拿到外面让小吴找人代填的，至此才发现，我们的翻译也是文盲，只会说不会写。 填表，帖照片，交2000卢比，发证盖章，***非常顺利。 早饭后，乘车前往徒步出发地Nayapul，距博卡拉约60多公里，吴老板说通往那里的公路，就是中国援建的，当时他是援建公司的尼泊尔语翻译。（我在想：这语言能沟通，令吴翻译钩到了尼泊尔MM。然后留在那里成家立业）。 想象中的Nayapul应该是个比较繁华的地方，因为来安娜普纳登山的都要在这里进山或出山。下车的路边是排简陋的板房，卖些小食品，石砌泥糊的灶台，青烟缕缕。 沿板房间的石阶下山到河边，走过铁索桥，以后山里过河基本上都是铁索桥，无惊无险。桥边有长着黑白羽毛的鸭子在溜达，心想这异国的鸭子也是异样的。 路过第一个检查站，查验登山证件，盖章放行。尼泊尔的徒步登山旅游开放有近百年的历史，管理服务确实是做得非常周到。 尼泊尔的徒步旅游非常成熟和完善，几乎每走1--2个小时就会遇到一个落脚点，可以食宿休整，所以大家尽可根据自己的体力和节奏，安排出自己的徒步计划。而每处客栈都整洁干净，布满了鲜花。 每个客栈都有这样的图示，识出你当前所在的位置，以及各个站点之间徒步所需的时间，一目了然。 这些建于数十年前的石头砌的台阶，高度与宽度正好能将背包靠住，非常的人性化。 我们的背包有20公斤重，第一天就重装爬升了1000多米，喜欢那种出大力，流大汗的感觉。 午餐一般我们吃的是炒米饭，或炒面条。晚上收工后，会拿出背来的物资，煮点奶茶，吃几颗花生米，喝两杯烧酒。 尼泊尔地处喜马拉雅山脉南坡，从海拔8848米的世界第一高峰珠穆朗玛到海拔只有50米的平原，落差巨大。正是这种巨大的海拔落差以及印度洋的暖湿气流造就了尼泊尔独特的迷人景观：海拔8000米以上的高大雪峰和海拔不足1000米的绿色梯田可以同时出现在你的视野之中。 这里有雪山，有瀑布，有象国内川西一样的丰沛流水，有象云南一样的茂密植被。 当你徒步穿越美丽的溪流、峡谷，来到远离城市尘嚣的偏僻山村，巨大的海拔高差带来的视觉上的震撼，而垂直分布引起的迥异的景色又给人强烈的虚幻的感觉。视觉的享受和心灵的愉悦，会令你为他们那传统的田园生活唏嘘不已。 来到尼泊尔，如果没有徒步喜马拉雅，那将会是件很遗憾的事情。 在安娜普纳徒步有着非常成熟的线路，有4天的小环，有8天的ABC，还有21天的大环线。沿途的小村庄很多，配套设施都做得很好。一路上的客栈都可以提供各种便利，几乎每走1-2小时路程，就会遇到像样的客栈。提供食宿，干净舒适，完全没有那种攀登野山，风餐露宿，饥寒交迫的现象。 为此：来到尼泊尔，徒步高山，那将又是件很幸福的事情。 遇有村镇，会聚集着十几家甚至几十家客栈，一般房价在200-400卢比/天左右。客栈虽然简陋，但绝不乏整洁优雅，服务周到。 山区里不通公路，全靠驴驮人背。物价随着海拔的升高，逐渐上涨，确也合情合理。尼泊尔人习惯于头顶背负东西，感觉人家颈椎很硬。 海拔2000米左右的山里，植被茂盛。穿行在密林深处，阳光透过枝叶，斑斑点点的洒在路上、身上，异常的惬意。 感觉欧美人比我们会享受生活，硕大的包包有背夫给背着，自己悠闲的赏景，休息时品味着热咖啡，充分体验着旅行的乐趣。（我是说他们是旅行而不是驴行）。 哥德班尼海拔2860米，那天专门绕行三个多小时，就是准备住在这里，第二天早上看日出。 哥德班尼是个小镇，有数十家客栈。这里还有登山检查站，要查验证件，登记盖章。工作人员很悠闲，边晒太阳边下棋。 还可以见到前几年的语，不认识写的什么，但对那镰刀斧头的图案是再熟悉不过了。 这里房屋的屋顶都是蓝色的彩钢板，我喜欢这个颜色。小吴领我们进了最高处的一家客栈，推开窗户，就见雪山，近在咫尺。 仁者乐山，见雪山就兴奋。今爬行没有强度，时值中午，感觉日晒强烈，天气却很凉。在小吴的建议下，午饭点了份套餐：炸薯条、炸鸡块、炸牛排、蔬菜、米饭。500卢比一份，这是我们进山仅有的最FB的一餐。 特意在露天用餐，来两瓶啤酒，对着安娜普纳雪峰畅饮，体验着神仙过的日子。美了美了，醉了醉了。 黄昏时登临附近较高处，山里的傍晚，大多是云遮雾罩，没有那期待中的雪山落日，巍巍雪峰若隐若现，只抓拍了雪峰那瞬间即逝的靓影。 这天的早饭是油饼+奶茶；晚饭是在房间里，叫了份炒面，煮了锅紫菜汤，牛肉花生米，限量两杯小酒... 当驴不要太苦了自己，毕竟自虐也不是唯一。 本来依我们的体力（得利于经常性的登山和骑行运动），虽然重装7天内肯定能走完ABC。但为了拍日出，昨天只徒步3小时，就住在了哥德班尼。 昨天傍晚的云遮雾罩，没有预想的美丽的夕阳落日。心情多少有些郁闷，担心早晨是否能够拍到日出。 黎明前，戴着头灯上路，满天的繁星眨着眼睛，那颗悬着的心踏实了，没有白浪费那半天的时间，有时耐心的等待并不是一件坏事。 布恩山（Poon Hill，海拔3200米），是安娜普纳小环游线路的最大亮点，如果天气好的话可以看到270度雪山群峰日出的壮观景色。 早上五点小吴就叫我们起来，开始向布恩山顶进发，去看日出。这段路程大概有十多里但海拔要提高600多米，人们都在漆黑的山路上登顶，不时会看到照明头灯的闪烁。([]
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簧篇在床视频大全观看
黎士杰黎明前，天空是深邃的蓝，云朵是更深的蓝几近乌黑色。远处的特拉维夫城区亦然灯火通明，一副未睡的姿态等待苏醒。or在后座睡着了，想起离开托姆父母家时，狗儿图逖低着脑袋慢摇着身体轻声挪到我身边，or说图逖想和你说再见。 出境的安检复杂了许多，托姆和我先是接受了五分钟左右的问话，分别是希伯来文和英文。随后是旅客配合打开所有行李。安保人员严肃的脸孔，手持探测器对行李箱内每一件物品一遍遍逐一仔细探测检查，如有在以色列境内接受任何礼物须事先说明，这些物品将拿到一旁进行更复杂的检查。安保人员直到随我去值机柜台出了登机牌，行李放上传送带，他才离开。清晨六点半，免税店已经开始营业，取了退税的现金在店里为家人挑选了巧克力。 这天的地中海很静很蓝一如二十二天前到达那日。----------------------------------------------/ 离开以色列/ 以色列安全吗？/ 首都特拉维夫印象/ 到北部（戈兰高地，约旦河、加利利湖）旅行/ 耶路撒冷的生活/ 南部埃拉特珊瑚礁潜水/ 加沙地带旁阿什克隆市的犹太家庭聚会/ 以色列消费水平/ 死海 恩盖迪国家公园../ 续..-------------------- 未经本人书面同意，任何形式媒体不得以任何形式转载本图文 -------------------（该声明原因：并不是因为不想和大家分享这个行程，发帖本身就是想和大家分享的) 这个声明原因是，以前常有网站自行替我注册ID并在未事先通知本人及获取同意的情况下便使用文章和其它行为，所以才有此声明，请大家谅解！ ) -------------------------------------------------------- 清晨航班的缘故，飞机上人极少，空下了小半个客舱。 起飞时，北京城还沉睡在黑夜中。旁边的座位是无人的，于是我可以以舒服的姿势半躺在两个座椅上。这样的优待使我在回程航班拥挤的客舱内时甚是想念。隔壁座位的以色列姐妹儿横躺在三个座椅上，从起飞直睡到基辅落地。 临窗俯瞰，地中海是一大片无暇的湛蓝，飞临以色列首都特拉维夫市时，已经隐约可见海滨沙滩上星星点点的人群。本古安机场落地，没有经历传闻中极其复杂的入境过程，只是接受了简洁而严肃的入境闻讯后便可取行李然后出了航站楼。托姆在出口处等候着，车直接开往耶路撒冷。窗外，日落时分的橙红色光线照射在这片土地上，很美。---------------------https//file12.top100.cn/201208241327/81EE779445F42599BC61BB75F8B3E092/Special_241403/Strong%20World.mp3 ------------------------------------以色列State of Israel 以色列（希伯来语：02;56;•1;ִ97;04;ַת;497;ִשְׂ—2;64;א;ֵל希伯来语中意为“与神角力者”，阿拉伯语583;َو¡8;ل14;577;ْ;3;ِسْ;رَائ616;¡0;ل‎）是一个位于西亚黎凡特地区的国家，位于地中海的东南方向，北靠黎巴嫩、东濒叙利亚和约旦、西南边则是埃及。以色列在1948年宣布独立建国，目前人口已超过700万，主要来自犹太人族群，也是世界上唯一以犹太人为主体的国家。以色列是中东地区最为工业化、经济发展程度最高的国家，拥有该地区管理最良善、对财产权利保护最佳的经济体制。(摘自百度)到达耶路撒冷的第二天傍晚和托姆到住处附近的sacher公园散步，对这个陌生国家的一切都很好奇。 sacher公园拍摄------------------- 耶路撒冷历史悠久，为以色列和巴勒斯坦共同的首都，大多数国家认为该市的最终地位尚未确定，有待以色列和巴勒斯坦双方谈判决定。现多数国家将驻以大使馆设在特拉维夫市。今天耶路撒冷仍然是巴以冲突的中心。耶路撒冷为以色列最大的城市，同时是犹太教、基督教、伊斯兰教三大亚伯拉罕教（或称“三大天启宗教”）的圣地。 sacher公园拍摄 耶路撒冷是一座用石头建筑在山上的城市，寂静肃穆却又偶尔透露着温暖的气质。有八角街一样环绕曲折迂回的巷子，却有着更深邃的寂静。sacher公园附近拍摄 ----------------------------------- 待在住处一整天，能听到的便是隔着半米左右宽的巷道对面犹太教祈祷室内的吟诵声，唯有末了一句“哈里路亚”听得明白。此外便是偶尔一两路人经过脚步磨搓石板地面的声音和流浪猫喵咪的叫声。这样的静，让人喜欢。 --------------------- 以色列安全吗？ 弟弟和朋友们看新闻联播，舆论升级时他们的担忧也随之升级，和另一个国家的战争听起来一触即发。对父母只轻描淡写说会出国旅行一阵子。我是不看新闻节目的，所以于我没有战争也没有国际局势的紧张。如果你相信，在以色列期间我没有哪怕一次的害怕或神经紧张过，因为我所见的是一幅人们再正常不过的生活画卷，丰富而富有魅力更充满着希望和欢乐。以色列朋友们也谈论这场或许会在夏天到来的战争，用平和而普通的语气。我生活在中国，从未担心过某一天会有一场战争，而领土的辽阔也提供了国民殷实的安全感。托姆和他的朋友们，他们的心境我是很难真切理解的。 以色列实行普遍义务兵役制，坚持“全民皆兵”的原则。凡年满18—29周岁的男性公民、18—24周岁的女性公民，无特殊情况，都要应征服现役。其中男子的服役期为3年，女子的服役期为2年。服役期满后，除少数特殊需要继续服现役外，其他人员一律转为预备役。 坐巴士时通常会和这些持枪的服役青年同车；餐厅用餐时或许会坐在邻桌；超市冷柜选食物时发现你们都喜欢同一种巧克力冰淇淋。这些持枪的男女大多是正在服兵役的青年。朋友静睁大了眼很好奇，他们怎么可以扛着枪到处去，车站、超市、商场、咖啡店、广场，任何地方。就像遇见上学的学生，平常而随意。 左边这个黄头发小男孩眼神很诡异哈哈哈：）这些青年很帅很美更是亲和。和所有游客一样，置身其中你并不感觉危险。 朋友们询问时我有试着去总结自己所经历的这个以色列，但终究很难，不擅于也不去定义什么，只是观看。 第二次去哭墙（West Wall），托姆走的很快，我踩着恨天高，下台阶时滑倒摔跤，广场上一组士兵正在等候将举行的某种仪式，是去驻地前的某种爱国教育，关于和伊朗的那场战争或许会在夏天来临。游客以这群荷枪实弹装备的兵士为不错的背景取景拍照，婴孩在推车里，父母带着他们信步徜徉其间，小孩追着广场上的鸽子四处飞舞，以色列国旗帜随风飘扬。 ------------------------------------------- 特拉维夫印象TelAviv Country 特拉维夫—雅法（Tel Aviv- Yafo）通常简称为特拉维夫，是以色列第二大城市。特拉维夫滨临东地中海，是以色列最大的都会区，也是该国人口最稠密的地带。今天，特拉维夫被认为是以色列最为国际化的经济中心，以及所谓“硅溪”（希伯来语： וואד97; הסי00;י11;493;–3;̴6;；英语：SilIcon Wadi）地区的心脏。该市具有活跃、摩登、世界主义的特征，被公认是以色列的文化之都。特拉维夫被认为已出现了成为世界级城市的趋势，并被列为中东生活费用最昂贵的大城市。 因为不同于以色列其它任何地方，特立独行的特拉维夫在以色列人民心中冠上TelAviv Country 这个别称,称那是另一个国。特拉维夫中央汽车站附近便是这个城市的贫民区，从汽车站外开始便偶尔可闻尿骚味，这种感觉……。因为是正午，所以在这一区行走还很安全，晚上倒是另一副样貌了，偷盗抢劫卖淫，托姆说真的会很危险。之后是特拉维夫的富人区，乍看很普通也不会引起人的注意，葡萄牙和德国建筑风格，家门前停些靠谱的车。 滨海大道老雅法都通通快速走马观花，直到向希望让我看到更多地方的托姆发出抗议停止这样无意义的行走。海边阳光很好，有微微的海风，这样坐在草坪看大家跑步骑车拍打乐鼓散步冲浪狗狗游泳，这就足够快乐。----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 弹吉他，恋爱，睡大觉 亲吻，亲吻，更多的亲吻 特拉维夫的建筑 特拉维夫的建筑回复 MAYA` 的帖子这个我不太确定：）但从他们的农业来看，在那样的荒漠环境发展却很好，科技技术必须高。接触的以色列朋友也大多从事工业设计及其他高科方面工作，所以大概答案是是的：） --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------到北部旅行(Golan Heights and Sea of Galilee ) 逾越节的关系，托姆和朋友们有了两个礼拜假期，我们计划一次到北部戈兰高地的旅行。 戈兰高地位于以色列和叙利亚的交界处，分属两个国家。北起谢赫山南坡，南到雅尔穆克河河谷，总面积为１８６０平方公里。戈兰高地具有丰富的水资源，被称为中东地区的“水塔”，以色列国内使用的40%的水源都来自这里。高地南部为农耕区，北部的谢赫山麓为林木和灌丛所覆盖的牧场。 若是我，两天的旅行肯定只带个小包就颠颠儿走掉，托姆他们却不一样，车厢后部严实地挤满各种装备和大包大箱，起初我是觉得有兴师动众的，约瑟还蠢蠢欲动打算挂架他的哈雷机车。近戈兰高地，景色更加精致起来，不像随意所为，倒像高尔夫球场那般一花一树一草坪的位置都经过认真的设计。------------------------------ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------https//file4.top100.cn/201206091245/DDC9CADE7DC7FA2D2DC30C363F8C798A/Special_106417/The%20Sharing%20Song.mp3 --------------- 夜，月亮很低很近。亚利吾拔弹着吉它，篝火燃的很旺，托姆和朋友们用希伯来文交谈，偶尔放声大笑，偶尔用英文问Lin, how about it ,烤牛排很美味，河岸某处有奇怪的鸟叫，晚风拂过。 清晨早些时候有醒过来片刻，朦胧的睡眼外是柔和的光线，绿色和橙色印花扶椅草地都有些歪斜，在它们后面的天空，云彩是粉色的。([]
含羞四叶草实验室未满十八勿入在线观看漫画视频
黎士杰四川康定贡嘎山各种形式的穿越无可置疑的是国内徒步爱好者最喜爱的路线之一。它以沿线众多气势雄伟的山脉，连续不断的各种高山景色而著称。我早就为之所动，几年前曾花了近一年的时间在8264收集资料和作线路的准备，并在2011年的6月初作了我第一次的穿越尝试。但最后因高反等原因而未能成功。我为之非常的后悔和懊恼。这个情结一直在我的心上。今年的早些时候，我又萌发了去四川西部背包徒步的念头，实际上是个更大徒步计划中的一个阶段。我因此从国外带回几乎所有的背包徒步行装，并花费了相当的时间作线路上的准备。我于2014年6月25日至7月3日完成了四川康定贡嘎山的单人背包徒步穿越，没有借助向导人员和马匹。这条步行的线路为康定县城>榆林村>日乌且沟>上日乌且垭口>;莫溪沟>下次梅村>草科村。全程距离大约为100公里。除了一整天在下次梅村的村民忠一家的休整外，其间共用时七天半的时间。徒步期间天气的基本特征为每天都有降雨，没有固定的时间，时早时晚；而且我感觉在白天里比几年前的那次徒步更频繁。从老榆林村至下次梅村，加上巴望海以东几公里均为人畜小道，令我有点吃惊，尽管每天有不少的降雨，但路面却相当的硬实；偶尔出现的泥潭稍微绕道就能解决。至于沿途的水源和涉水过溪的细节，我将在每天的纪实里更详细地说明。我的背包徒步线路和每天的营地或住地。我在2014年6月23日下午5点多钟搭乘去四川成都的火车。我从南京站出发，第二天中午就到了成都站。我出了成都站后，赶紧往附近不远处的成都城北汽车中心走去，想购买12点钟去康定的班车。幸运的很，车站仍然有余票。国道G318与往常一样，因修筑隧道，在这些地方车辆只能单向行驶，堵车耗时很利害，确又无能为力。这样我又花上了10个小时，在下着大雨的夜里来到了康定县城。我随即在康定县城的哈达客栈住下。在去康定县城途中的路旁。第一天 2014年6月25日起点 康定城哈达客栈，海拔高度2554m (手表读数8380')启程时间 945 AM终点 格西草原，海拔高度3572m (手表读数11720')扎营时间 445 PM当日行程 20公里(+/-)天气 白天多云到晴，夜里小雨~中雨。我的背包徒步线路和每天的营地或住地。我昨晚在康定县城的哈达客栈住下，12点钟以后才休息。我早上6点多钟起来，明显休息得不够。我有意再在康定呆上一天，以消除旅途的疲劳和适应高原的海拔高度，但一早起来看见天空出现的蓝天，不禁改变了念头，决定慢慢地走，去更高的海拔进行调整。既然决定今天上路，就赶紧去超市买一些食品，后来证明是多余的，不过最后都送给见到的藏族同胞了。雨季里的河流水位暴涨，急冲而下，势不可挡。不得不承认，现代的工业能力使得其附近的人类文明得以长期地保存。康定县城依旧很漂亮。虽然有很多现代化的建筑，和外来文化的展露影响，但它在很多方面都非常体现出藏族文化的特色和风格。这个城市的格局，气候，海拔，四周的群山及人文等，一直都是我的喜爱。康定市区中心的街道，广场是我每次必去的地方。对我来说，两次来去匆匆，这里的一切都尚未仔细地探索，觉得很新奇，不知何时才能消除这样的感觉。简短的购物完毕后，在回客栈的路上，抓紧留下一些更多对康定的记忆。我以前没有注意到桥上的一组雕塑。它们具有历史上汉藏民族交流的主思想。此时相对于我夏季每天开始徒步的时间已经很晚了。我知道今天的路还很长，不敢多久留，赶紧回到了哈达客栈，吃了早饭，打点好行装，踏上了去贡嘎山的经典穿越。与我在8264所了解许多徒步朋友的做法不同，我从县城里开始步行，而不是从老榆林村的水电站开始。所以这增添了大概15公里的路途。但从缓慢地适应高海拔的意义上讲，我认为是还有益处的，同时又能省下单人包车的费用。国道G318公路进出康定城的这座桥梁是乎是城郊的分界点。看着天空的乌云，心里开始有点疑惑，毕竟是在雨季里。在刚才走过的右手路边上，碰见了一位昨天一起从成都搭车来这里的藏族同胞。在我打招呼后，他也认出了我来，显得非常的友善。我们彼此相互寒喧，握手道别。 离开了国道G318后，转上了去康定新城的岔道。我实在被路边正在修建的大型建筑所震惊，到处都是建筑工地。这一带可能是最后一片开发地区。我不是专家，但一直在思考在这多地震的川西地区，从安全角度来讲，修建高层建筑是否恰当。可能我的顾虑为多余的。与上次来这里一样，人们依然在路边放养马匹，但牦牛已经看不见了。显然动物数量上的减少意味着它们的生活环境的减小，和人类的开发活动的加大。此时道路坡度增加，我能感觉到我的行走速度开始有些缓慢，心里明白我的高反已经开始。不过从康定出来的行走是个慢慢的适应高海拔的过程。我的时间还算比较充裕，即使旅途的劳累还没有消除，只要不下大雨，今天走到预订的营地，格西草原应该没有问。虽然四周的景色依然不错，但这一带的土地开发规模却十分的惊人。康定的确是个居住生活的好地方。希望开发者在完成其项目后，尽量地将环境还原其本色。道路两旁的景色很漂亮，不过在天气晴朗的大道上行走的确有些乏味，尤其是日晒皮肤的感觉也来了。我的腿部和手部的晒伤就是从此时开始的。我十分缺智地假设川西雨季的白天以乌云天气为主，即使是出太阳，也为短时间的，紫外线对皮肤的伤害影响不大。所以在启程前的一两天，我决定不携带手套，和通常在这种情况下穿的帖身长内裤。幸好带着条两节速干裤，等到明天扎营时发现自己的双腿晒伤后，便赶紧穿上了。康定新城里的非常具有藏族特色的建筑。 回望康定县城。很多东西现在都在脚下了。环绕它四周的群山此时看得更加清楚。对生活在丘陵地带的我来说，这样的市镇座落是个很大的惊奇。而左手的山腰上的G318的交通清晰可见。我试着去辨认昨晚在哈达客栈结识的几个骑车去拉萨的年轻人，但根本做不到，只希望他们平安走运。康定新城的生活区旁一组反映当年汉藏贸易交往的历史人物的塑像，应该是茶马古道上的各种生活细节。 这俩兄弟的形像挺逼真的，很有色彩。 不小的队伍。好象比实物都大不少，蛮生动的。那石头上刻的字，"西出炉关" 不知意味着是否当年的茶马古道在此结束，再往西就纯粹是藏区了。康定新城的生活区。我在这分岔路口向几个过路人确认了去老榆林村的路。天热，口真渴，但带出来的两升水每时还必须谨慎地控制，不敢多喝。人的皮肤感到太阳的火辣，平时不太注意的我，尽找阴凉的地方走，但我还没有意识到皮肤实际上已经开始受伤了。 在回头朝康定县城方向看去。它已在山粱的背后了。可能是最后能国道G318的地方。还是想说，特喜欢这个被群山环抱的新城。高山前的康巴大酒店，很有异域的风格和特色。其色彩与背景天空调和得那么粉彩绚丽。想不到来自远方的宗教在这里偏僻的地方居然能够出现。这也充分体现了现在国家对宗教存在的容忍和民众信仰的多样化。又是一个密集的居民区和商业点。其附近还有一些政府的机构。这里是康定新城的边缘。我估量着该是午饭的时间，便坐在图片最左边楼前的路旁用餐。好奇的人过来问我的情况。我如实回答他们。我知道今天的饮水很多，便向一家作街门销售的老板们讨水。他们爽快的答应了我，确实给我补充了很多的水。要不然再往前走几十米就出康定新城，以后向藏族老乡讨水就更难了。所以以后若再重复这里过程的话，考虑到天气，气温，和防止高反用水，我至少要带3升水。从国道G318分岔到去新城的路上后大部分为国家机构，店几乎没有。只有新城生活区里沿途才有几家便利店。我非常感谢给我水的老板夫妇。当然出城后也可以去沿途村里的小卖部买水或向老乡讨水。虽然不如上次见到的人多，我一路还是碰见了好几位老乡，非常的好，肯定会帮助解决水的问的。沿途的乡村景色。沿途的乡村景色。 可喜地看到当地的居民也种植一些农作物，以补充食物的来源。嗨，居然还有车站。我想可能是连接榆林村与康定市区的班车。当然还有小卖部，但我没有上前探询，不知是否营业。路边景色第一次提醒我今后的几天里我所大概要见到的。 路上遇见一位才从山里干完活回家的藏族妇女。她很健谈，汉语也说得很好。我们一路聊了好一会儿，直到她到图片里的这个家，还邀请我有空去"耍耍"，用的词汇居然与中原地区的方言一样! 非常朴实真诚的藏族村民!背景为日乌且沟东侧的一座大山。去海螺沟的公路就在它前面的山脚下。我有遇见了一群在地里干活的村民，很多是妇女。在他们朝我看来的时候，我首先高喊"扎西德勒";! 他们也相对地回应了我，随后一阵笑声。他们对外人很是友好。我心里感到若遇上什么困难，他们一定会尽力帮助我的，事实上以后的经历也证明了这点。([]
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颜幸志目录总线路图关于机票关于酒店、费用、出租车关于证关于其他吉隆坡转机尼甘布斯里兰卡，引用孤独星球的兰卡版书中的一句话：雾里看花隔一层，斯里兰卡就是这样的国度。斯里兰卡 古称“锡兰”，简称兰卡，这里还不像东南亚国家哪么热门，也并不是国内多数游客的首选东南亚国家。由于多年的战争乱和海啸这个岛国更是蒙上了一层面纱。我在来兰卡之前完全对这个小国家一无所知，更不知道它是在地球上哪个方位的（可能是地理没学好)。而是在2014年有一次在网上看到一篇关于斯里兰卡的游记。看了一下游记的开头就马上对这个国家产生了浓厚的兴趣,一直花了半个多小时看完整篇兰卡的游记。才对这个位印度洋中小岛国有了些认识。斯里兰卡紧邻印度，所以被称为“印度洋中一滴泪”因地域关系使他深受印度文化的影响。兰卡大部份居民都是来自北印度的移民。是北印度的雅利安人移民至锡兰岛建立了僧伽罗王朝。后来南印信奉印度教泰米尔人也开始来到了这个岛上。不过给我印象最深的是可能还是兰卡美景和兰卡人民的的纯朴和纯洁的笑容。同时了兰卡也是个以佛教为主，另外也有信奉伊斯兰教的。他是个多种信仰和谐共处的神秘国家。正因为了有了这些原因,也是他优越于印度在我心中印象的原因。所以我决定去这个探寻这个美丽的小岛国。接下来的几天就是在网上找了很多关于兰卡资料。以前不知道的关于兰卡地理知识一下子全知道了。另外怎么去兰卡。证。机票。住宿。当地的风俗习惯。。。。还买了一本孤独星球的兰卡版书来更深入的了解兰卡。在网上有了更多对兰卡这个国家了解后，才有了2015年7月的这次真正意义上的兰卡自助之旅。。基本上每次自助游我都是一家三口。因为我想让三岁的儿子去更多的去了解这个世界上不同的风景和不同的历史文化和人文色彩。让他在成长的路上有着更多的体验和经历。这次本来是一家三口准备来兰卡旅行的当我正准备买机票时在微信群里说了一下我要去斯里兰卡旅行了。一下子很多朋友根本跟我开始一样都不知道斯里兰卡在哪里就说要报名跟我结伴自助游，一下子从一家三口变成了四五个家庭的旅行的大队伍了。接下来的事大家都知道了，我自然就是队长了给大伙解决。机票，住，行，吃。证。全落在我一个人的身上了。。。。。。。。。不过这次斯里兰卡之旅在网络上认识了很多去过兰卡或是常住兰卡的朋友们，他们给了我很多帮助和建议。比如：中国国家地理《斯里兰卡旅行指南》的作者。斯里兰卡小妞。还有因旅行在兰卡找到真爱的福建美女kiko.还有在兰卡开酒店的李哥和在兰卡卖蓝宝石土豪呵呵。按照惯例先上几张图： 总体线路图：尼甘布（Negombo）狮子岩（sigiriya）-丹布勒石窟寺（Dambulla）--康堤(kandy)--努瓦勒埃利耶 (NuwaraEliya)--埃勒（Ella）—亚拉（yala）--美蕊莎（Mirissa）--加勒（Galle）--科伦坡（Colombo）DAY 16月28广州至科伦坡 中午抵达，先去酒店办里check in 然后尼甘布镇上游览观光 。宿艾温拉花园酒店 (Avenra Garden Hotel)DAY2 尼甘布（Negombo）--狮子岩（sigiriya）---丹布勒石窟寺（Dambulla）----康堤(kandy)6月29 早上5点起来游览尼甘布鱼市7点30退房然后坐车前往狮子 下午前往下午前往丹布勒石窟寺。从丹布勒石窟 寺出来就往康提赶宿康堤Thilanka Hotel(提兰卡酒店)Day3康堤(kandy)7月1 睡到自然醒今天一天都在康堤活动 上午皇家植物园（Royal Botanic Garden下午佛牙活动 .宿康堤Thilanka Hotel(提兰卡酒店)Day4 康堤(kandy)－努瓦勒埃利耶 (NuwaraEliya) 7月2早上康堤湖边晨跑。10点出发去努瓦勒埃利耶 宿努瓦勒埃利耶The hill clubDAY 5努瓦勒埃利耶 (NuwaraEliya)--埃勒（Ella）—亚拉（yala）7月3早上镇上闲逛上午去镇中心的湖边玩然后 中午我们就去体验就前往埃勒的高 山火车。司机把我们送到火车站后就去ELLA火车站接我们前往今天最终的目的地 亚拉（YALA）晚上BBQ.宿亚拉Serene Park Hotel海悦酒店DAY6：亚拉（yala）--美蕊莎（Mirissa）7月3早上从酒店checkout 然后前往亚拉野生动物园（Yala National Park）。游览完动物园后下 午前往美蕊莎宿：Paradise Beach Club（天堂海滩俱乐部酒店）DAY7美蕊莎（Mirissa）7月4早上睡到自然醒吃过早餐。拍照今天一天在美蕊莎玩.宿：Paradise Beach Club（天堂海滩俱乐部酒店）DAY8美蕊莎（Mirissa）-加勒（Galle）.上午在美蕊莎出海观鲸，下午坐车去加勒古城宿：Landesi By Jetwing（杰特威兰迪斯酒店）DAY9加勒（Galle）今天一天在古城自由活动 。宿：Landesi By Jetwing（杰特威兰迪斯酒店）DAY10加勒（Galle）-科伦坡（Colombo）－班达拉奈克国际机场（Bandaranaike international airport 7月7早上6点多坐加勒前往科伦坡的火车到达科伦坡后， 吃过中饭坐车前往班达拉奈克国际机场。下面这张是斯里兰卡区间的乘车时间地图，是我在网上找的。由于像素太低后面自已考备了一张。关于机票去兰卡行程搞定了接下来的 首要事情就是要解决机票的问：从国内飞兰卡有很多航空公司 斯里兰卡航空公司。马航。亚航。。。网上一查很多公司。最近这些年我可能坐亚航的飞机坐的比较多因为机票便宜。（我是亚航的粉丝，我儿子现在一看到亚航飞机就脱口而出：air ASIa.呵呵）。我是在亚航一次大促中提前了半年就预定今年7月飞兰卡的机票，广州飞科伦坡中途吉隆坡转机来回1570元人民币。虽然便宜不过时间也花的多。从广州飞吉隆坡4个小时。在在吉隆坡等4个小时然后在吉隆坡飞科伦坡3个半小时，有点累。不敢时间还是可以坐亚航的，转机也很方便为因不用拿行李到了吉隆坡后跟着指示牌走找到换登机牌的窗口换好登机牌后你就等着亚航的大飞机来接你就是了。。关于费用和 酒店, 租车这是我的一些吃住行玩的基本开支。因为我们都是带小孩的所以住的会好一点。其实兰卡有很多民宿都是很不错的，性价比高。酒店：我的所有酒店都是通过在到：BOOKING和雅高达上预定的。只有美蕊莎的酒店是由在长期在 兰卡 KIKO帮我预定的。租车：我们是通过网上找到的当地司机。由于兰卡的交通条件和地理位置原因一般去兰卡游大部分会选择包车因为哪些会方便很多。去兰卡租车是最常见的。至使我对于兰卡各地区来往的公共交通不是熟悉。因为我们人多所以就租了一辆大巴车。我觉的兰卡的大部份司其实挺负责的也很诚实本份的哪种。我们的司机叫 Udayanga Buddhika.挺不错的一个兰卡人。经常跟我们炫耀的是他有一个儿子和一个女儿。后在我们教会他用中国的微信。回国以后还经常可以互动。他每个星期都会主动来向我们问好一声。关于证关于斯里兰卡的证。也有落地和官方的网上申请的eta。因为中国海关没有到证一般是不让放行的。所以去斯里兰卡的证最多的就是电子证了ETA了。ETA主要是通过官网申请。一般前期准备作足。5分钟搞定。至于详细步骤大家可以在网上找一下有专门介绍证。一般有小孩在一起的证。小孩的会慢一二天的样子。要是没有可能直接发邮件去兰卡海关咨询。咨询后一般马上就会有eta发过来了。我只是要讲一下关于验证码刷不出来的原因，给大家分析一下。开始我也是按关网上的电子证的步骤可是怎么都不见验证码出来，浏览器换了几个了。后面在网上找了半天才终于给解决这个问了。下面我把验证码刷不出怎么解决的分享给大家。关于斯里兰卡ETA证刷不出验证码解决问：如果浏览器刷不出验证码。在网上下载一个谷歌的hosts文件。下载完后解压 在Windows系统里，打开C\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc\hosts文件，打开hosts文档在末尾添加最新下载的谷歌hosts文档。，然后重启电脑即可操作完成后。我发现我随便打开一个浏览器都可以看到验证码了。360也可以。不过到了付款阶段要等。有可能要重新几次。等到后面我发现每次都很快成功了。二三分钟一个。我一天帮人刷 了20个证。小孩子的有护照的也要单独证。不要加在父母哪里。只不过是可能收到的电子ETA会比成人要慢。要是没有收到可以至电或是发邮件过去，询问。英语不行的直接可以打成都大使馆电话：电话：0086-28-66168361/2。接通后在拔分机805。有中文服务。跟他说你的小孩没有收到ETA电子档。他们会帮你跟兰卡哪边联系的。 关于其它通讯：大部份来斯里兰卡的都会办一个叫Dialog卡。机场一楼大厅就有售的。一般都是办个1300卢比的套餐500卢比的话费和。1.5g上网流量。这个足够了刷微信和微博，我办了一个用了10天开热点后面还没有用完。所以我觉的办个别699套餐也差不多够用了。出行准备证件类： 护照， ETA证，往返机票，保险电子版，酒店预订单，美金，银联卡/信用卡摄影器材：D700相机二台。三角架。sony 微单。内存卡4张。衣物：替换内衣裤，短袖T恤若干，裙子若干，裤子(长/短），帆布鞋，凉鞋，长袖外套，遮阳帽，泳衣*1，墨镜?生活用品：洗漱用品，纸巾若干，湿纸巾，浴帽，吹风机，风油精，防蚊贴，护肤品，防晒，晒后修复（香蕉船），面膜，军dao，充电宝，各种充电线?常用药：创可贴，肠胃药，感冒药，消炎药，晕车药???关于现金：?可以不用提前兑换斯里兰卡货币，带上足够美金到了到了兑换就行，科伦坡的机场有好几家兑换点，汇率都还可以，最划算的应该算是司机帮我们去的兑换的汇率最高了。【注意事项】1、斯里兰卡与中国有2.5小时时差，北京时间的早上8点就是斯里兰卡时间早上5点半。2、斯里兰卡人视乌鸦为神鸟，请不要打杀乌鸦。3、斯里兰卡是佛教国家，请尊重当地的习俗，进寺庙一定要脱鞋，不要穿短裤短裙和背心。4、虽说斯里兰卡整体治安良好，但在科伦坡一些人口稠密的环境还需注意随身物品。5、中部山区的人观念较保守，女性在那里尽量不要穿的太过暴露，海边城市则没有限制。6、旺季火车的二等座和三等座非常拥挤，单身女性请尽可能做好自我保护。7、若入住当地人自己住处开设的家庭旅馆，或者进入一些个体商店，请注意是否需要脱鞋进入，请尽可能尊重并且适应当地人的习惯。 吉隆坡转机6月28日凌晨我们怀着无比兴奋和对兰卡之旅充满期望的心情踏上了广州飞科伦坡的飞机。因为我们坐的是亚州航空。亚航飞科伦坡随说机票便宜不过最麻烦的是要在吉隆坡转机。我们早上5点多到达吉隆坡klcc机场。要在这里等上4个小时等到930吉隆坡飞科伦坡的飞机。到在科伦坡是当地时间1055.等于从吉隆坡飞到科伦坡花了三个半小时。。到达吉隆坡机场后直接跟着指示牌走就可以找到这个换登机牌的地方了。换好登机牌左转上电梯就可以去登机口了。儿子刚在飞机上还睡着了。这一下飞机就醒了。醒了后要马上对着窗户外面问我飞机什么时候来。他就守着窗户这里看。。。凌晨会5点多小孩子个个精神好 。我的个神呀。。([]
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王瑞杰Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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